Top 10 Reasons People Wear Glasses

10. They like being called four-eyes

There are those masochists who just love to be insulted and there are sadistic people who love hurling insults. Hopefully, most adults are past the name-calling stage but do not count on it.

9. Security blanket

Glasses serve as a security blanket. Some people feel naked without them, even if the glasses are not used for their intended purpose, which is to help one see better. The idea is that you can actually hide behind spectacles. In this case, the bigger the glasses, the better. Especially if you really ARE naked.

8. To hide yourself

If a person has been on a crying jag and her eyes are a puffy, swollen mess as a result, glasses, sunglasses, in particular, are necessary. Big, dark glasses are de riguer, especially if appearing in court and charged with a crime (which the defendant did not commit, of course) or when attending a high profile funeral, particularly for those stalked by the paparazzi. No one wants her grief splattered face on the front page of Star Magazine.

7. Appear intelligent

To make them appear more intelligent. How many actors have resorted to shoving a pair of glasses on their face so that they could play a brainy character? Sometimes wearing glasses for this purpose works, sometimes it does not. Frankly, there are those of us who just want to yank off those spectacles and shout: We know who you are! You are no rocket scientist and not even those specs are going to convince the viewing audience that you can play Madame Curie! It is going to take a lot more than a pair of eye glasses to make YOU convincing in this role!

6. Super hero syndrome



To disguise super hero status. Consider the late Christopher Reeve and his portrayal of Clark Kent in the Superman movie. No one can get past those in-your-face newspaper reporter glasses. His predecessor, George Reeves, the star of the earlier television version of Superman, sported identical glasses when he was playing Clark Kent but, of course, both actors yanked off those specs when they transformed into the super hero. Super heroes do not need glasses.

5. To hide your eyes

To hide being hung over; a botched eye job; a wicked encounter with Botox or a fist. This requires tinted eye glasses; the darker the better.

4. Aura of mystery

Some opt to wear dark glasses even when it is dark or when inside because they think it makes them look mysterious. Who is that behind those Foster Grants? Does anyone really care? Wearing sunglasses inside or at night is just plain stupid.

3. Fashion statement
Eyeglasses as a fashion statement. They think it makes them look cool. They want to look just like Sarah Palin. Is that cool?

2. On the run

When on the run, the first order of business for those in the Witness Protection program, who obviously do not want to be recognized, is a hair dye job and a pair of eyeglasses. The best kind of glasses for this purpose has a fake, bulbous W.C. Fields-like nose and Groucho Marx moustache attached. That will surely fool the Mafia or whoever is hot on your trail.

1. So they can see



Drumroll. Of course. You thought I was going to write anything else? First and foremost, people wear glasses so they can see. Nothing worse than walking into a door or taking your husbands Viagra instead of your flatulence medicine because you are so blind without your glasses that you cannot see an inch in front of your face.

When a person is afflicted with an astigmatism this means that the cornea is curved abnormally, which results in vision that is out of focus. No one knows for sure why astigmatism occurs but is it generally present at birth and occurs in tandem with either farsightedness or nearsightedness.

Google Glass : Part2

Shifting sands

Every day new activities are transferred from the physical arena to the digital one. The death of the record shop has switched the experience of browsing the aisles to browsing the iTunes library. The workplace, the one space where even the shyest among us were forced to socialise, is often now a laptop on the kitchen table. There’s even been a radical change in the way we fall in love – not just through online dating agencies but via flirty Facebook posts and Tweets.

If we really put our minds to it, we could do almost everything without face-to-face contact with other humans.

For a growing number of people, this shift represents freedom – freedom not to go to work every day, and who can be bothered to get in the car to go to the supermarket anyway? But in return we seem to be handing more and more control over to the technology companies who facilitate these changes.

Rather than chat through our ideas with a colleague over the coffee machine, a great many of us now think in front of the computer – or rather we now think with the help of the computer. Type any word into Google – however simple, however vague – and Google will offer a whole list of potential thoughts you might be having. Some turn out to be better than the original thought.

But even if we do make it to our original destination, the list in front of us contains the information the Google algorithm throws up: it has already selected and privileged certain streams of knowledge for us; it has decided where our thinking should go.

Whereas Facebook offers more interaction with the thoughts of actual human beings, Google has encouraged us to edit ourselves, and our own thinking.

Google Glass takes all this one step further – in the future, sightings of friends will be mediated by the device, what we know about them will be delivered to us by Google, and even questions of where we physically exist will be given to us by the algorithm.

Users barely have to think at all – which doesn’t seem completely out of step with what top people at Google have told the world is their aim. Sounds a little like sci-fi? At least sci-fi usually includes a small band of dissenters, but all Google’s latest announcement seems to inspire is consumer enthusiasm.

And as it’s coming from Google, we can be sure the company’s competitors are working on their own designs already.

Google Glass : Part1

The Google Glass “glasses”, if connected to Wi-Fi, show information on a screen about what the user is seeing – based on Google search data – such as location and recognisable people and brands. While Google Glass is still in development, Google is expected to begin shipping the device to enthusiasts within the year.

The idea of wearing glasses that mediate between the user and reality might still seem a little far-fetched, a little sci-fi – maybe something to have a few minutes of fun with. But bearing in mind that the computer in these devices can take photos and video of what, and who, is being seen, and share it immediately for further online interaction, it seems that’s not what Google has in mind.

These devices are meant to be worn for substantial periods of time. They perform the kinds of functions – albeit in a more obtrusive way – that are currently taken care of by smartphones and tablets, the technologies we are increasingly tethered to as we live our daily lives. To simplify things, this time we’ll wear the device on our faces.

If it’s not difficult to see Google Glass as a simple continuation of the relationship humans have with technology, it’s even easier to see some of the problems being exacerbated.

Previous technophile turned techno-pessimist MIT professorSherry Turkle writes in her latest book about the way users of mobile devices engage in compulsive behaviour – which she describes as being “always on” – cradling their technologies in bed in the middle of a sleepless night, checking emails quickly in the middle of reading a book to a toddler, logging on to Facebook just as the lights have gone down in the cinema.

In such cases, genuine emotional engagement with our physical reality – and other human beings – is sacrificed for online performance and interaction.

Famous Glasses Brands : Part5 Calvin Klein, Ray Ban

CALVIN KLEIN GLASSES

Calvin Klein glasses manage to surprise and delight in every new season. The recent Calvin Klein Eyeglasses collection, at first glance, seems conventional. But when you look closer at the styling, detailing, and craftsmanship, you see that the quality inherent in the Calvin Klein wardrobe is still here in the Calvin Klein eyewear collection.

The range of eyewear still favors metals, full metals, and metal fronts with plastic temples. There are a few full plastic frames, like the Calvin Klein CK7113 glasses model and the CK5711A glasses frame, both of which offer the sharp lines and rectangularity favored by men and women looking to accentuate the cut of their overall fashion package. The CK5691 glassesand CK5699 glasses models are similar, but offer some additional colors.

The vast majority of the collection, however, is in the thin metals like Calvin Klein CK530 and CK531. The occasional rimless like CK 7276 still retains the sharp corners and straight lines, softened only by the plastic temples. The CK7504 and CK7506 models follow this trend as well.

Calvin Klein glasses exude vitality, wit and humor, an invitation to kick up your heels--styles that suitable for any venue and yet maintain their individuality and their humor are the main stays of the Calvin Klein collection. Calvin Klein Incorporated was founded in 1968 by Calvin Klein. The company is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City and currently owned by Phillips-Van Heusen.


RAY BAN GLASSES

Ray Ban glasses. For those who have worn Ray Ban, and nearly everyone has, Ray-Ban glasses offer the same benchmarks of quality. Ray-Ban eyeglasses have the style, materials, craftsmanship, and comfort that we all have come to expect. You will find a choice of materials in traditional shapes, full frame and half frame, oval and rectangular. With Ray Ban glasses you cannot go wrong.


The Ray Ban eyeglasses line is relatively new, compared to the Ray Ban Sunglasses collection, having been introduced in the last 10 years. Most of the eyeglasses line follows the same classic lines as the sunglasses collection, with Wayfarer, Ronsir, and even aviator styles like the Ray Ban RX6049 eyeglasses frame, and theRay Ban RX8403 eyeglasses frame.


The Ray Ban eyeglasses collection includes a variety of styles in plastics and metals. Most frames have a rectangular shape variation. The most popular Ray Ban glasses frame by far is the RX5121 Wayfarer glasses frame. It has the same shape as the famous Wayfarer Sunglasses, but without the lenses, and so it is less expensive and will accomodate all types of lenses and prescriptions.

Famous Glasses Brands : Part4 Kate Spade, Vogue, Alain Mikli

KATE SPADE GLASSES



Kate Spade glasses show the energy, flair and casual vigor of the Kate Spade brand. The best of both influences are combined to form the inimitable. Kate Spade glasses are sure to appeal to the diverse life styles of many.

While growing up in Kansas City, Missouri, Katherine Noel Brosnahan, now Kate Spade, was both the epitome and antithesis of the all-american girl. There was always something charmingly familiar yet wonderfully original about Kate. Her fresh sense of style and singular personality reflect a keen sense of wit, propriety, and a no-nonsense approach to life. Kate has spent most of her professional career in the accessories business, bringing recently Kate Spade glasses and Kate Spade eyeglasses to the fashion world.

If you like Kate Spade glasses, here are some other top eyeglasses brands that you may also enjoy: Guess eyeglasses, Nike eyeglasses,Silhouette eyeglasses, Ralph Lauren eyeglasses, and Polo eyeglasses.


VOGUE GLASSES



Vogue glasses. It is not uncommon to find fashion designers manufacturing accessories to complete their lines. Few, however, manage to capture the spirit of their work as Vogue eyeglasses do. Vogue eyeglasses exude vitality, wit and humor, an invitation to kick up your heels--styles that suitable for any venue and yet maintain their individuality and their humor are the main stays of the Vogue glasses collection.


ALAIN MIKLI GLASSES



Alain Mikli Glasses. With the Alain Mikli eyeglasses, this world renowned designer has shaken up the fashion industry’s optical market. The Alain Mikli eyeglasses eyewear collection is aesthetic and functional, creative and technically advanced. Alain Mikli glasses eyewear is seen in the pages of the world’s most respected fashion magazines as well as on the chic everywhere. Perhaps no other designer has created eyeglasses that are as distinctive in line, color and form as Alain Mikli. His collection is high fashion, seen on models and in magazines around the world.

Alain Mikli: Another View of the Optical Trade
Finding the eyeglasses of the 1970s neither fun nor sincere, neither elegant nor casual, Alain Mikli launched his own brand in 1978. Devotee of freedom and non-conformity, he “sculpted” matter in space and invented a new philosophy for optics: to each his own…pair of glasses, in colors to match his personality. This subtle and detailed complicity with the wearer makes each Alain Mikli model a unique creation.

We can order any frame model available in the U.S. Check the Alain Mikli website to see the entire collection. Also if you're looking for frames from the same designer try the Mikli brand.

If you like Alain Mikli glasses, here are some other top eyeglasses brands that you may also enjoy: Dolce and Gabbana glasses, Gucci glasses,Versace glasses, Prada glasses, Giorgio Armani glasses, and Emporio Armani glasses.

Famous Glasses Brands : Part3 Polo, Guess, Nike

POLO GLASSES by Ralph Lauren

Even by looking at Polo Ralph Lauren eyeglasses, one can feel the sophistication and elegance within the frames. It is not a mistake that the brand Polo Ralph Lauren is recognized throughout the world.

The charm and personality of the brand is translated into everything that this leading designer produces. Polo Ralph Lauren Eyeglasses are no exception. The collections presented by the brand show the flair, energy, and casual vigor of the Polo Ralph Lauren brand. Additionally, the technology used during production, combined with the newest trends as well as the best metals, make Polo glasses the best option for casual and sophisticated consumers.

With the Polo collections, the Polo PH 1075 model is casual and elegant, combining the best elements of the brand. This model presents the outstanding manufacturing capabilities of Italian craftsmanship with high quality metal in a half rim design. Customers can choose among shiny black, dark grey and gun metal on this sober and relaxed proposition. The Polo PH 1102model is also a unique model, but it comes in a full rim and with a sophisticated thin body.

Ralph Lauren Eyeglasses

When talking about designer eyeglasses, Ralph Lauren is a name that will strike in the first few seconds. Even though the brand has been around for quite long, it started gaining consumer attention only recently. Eyeglasses from Ralph Lauren are associated with energy, dynamism and flair. These glasses represent simplicity in style.

These glasses have a huge fan following in United States. Be it a 14 year old or a 40 year old, both wear these eyeglasses with equal aplomb. These glasses also have an accessibility advantage over all the other brands as the number of Ralph Lauren stores is much higher comparatively. Moreover, the demand for Ralph Lauren frames has been strong since the company entered the markets.

The media too, loves Ralph Lauren glasses and seems to be covering it everywhere. Media people have themselves pointed out their lack of surety about how a huge following Ralph Lauren started. It is a fact known and accepted that the name had, at one time, stood nowhere in comparison toGucci or Ray Ban.


GUESS GLASSES

Guess glasses, designed by Maurice Marciano, the French designer, combines his love of the American West with a European sensibility. Consequently the energy, flair and casual vigor of Guess glasses is apparent. The best of both influences are combined to form the inimitable -- Guess glasses. These frames are sure to appeal to the diverse life styles of our customers.


NIKE GLASSES



Gaining recognition in our world is not an easy task, and very few companies have been able to succeed like Nike Eyewear has.

The companies and individuals who have gained recognition through the years have done so by sharing a unique vision. In this world of achievers, even within those that have done well, none have achieved the success of Nike. Nike is arguably the most recognized brand in sportswear. The products designed and manufactured by Nike Eyewear are an example of what can result from hard work.

Year after Year Nike Eyewear releases a thrilling collections. An example of one of the models is the NIKE 4200 model, which is a very sporty design created for sports fanatics and for athletes needing a sports related alternative in the eyewear industry. This model comes in titanium, which provides durability and comfort. The color options of the NIKE 4200 model are another asset of this model. The frames comes in cargo, union grey, and walnut colors. This model features a full rim in a strong titanium frame. Eyewear customers would not be disappointed with the stylish options offerred by Nike.

Famous Glasses Brands : Part2 Prada, Silhouette, Fendi

PRADA GLASSES

The devil wears them, we wear them, everyone wants them. Prada eyeglasses define status. Just as their clothing has always pushed the envelope of fashion, Prada glasses do the same. They take the wearer to an entirely different level of vision style. Careful observation of and curiosity about the world, society, and culture are at the core of Prada’s creativity and modernity. Take a look at the sleek lines and bold colors. Whether you are going for a new look like the Prada 08IV glasses, or a classic redo such as the Prada 50IV glasses, Prada eyeglasses are universally appealing. Character and intelligence are the hallmarks of this brand. The strength of concept, bold execution and daring use of color and materials continue to earn the Prada name. Prada eyeglasses have introduced a new way to create a natural, almost ‘fashionless’ fashion. The Prada line is timeless, full of expression and downright out of some people’s leagues. How will you feel when you wear a pair of Prada glasses? See for yourself.


SILHOUETTE GLASSES



Silhouette glasses have earned a reputation for innovation. Here fashion and function come together with ultra-light titanium eyeglasses frames, using exclusive hingeless temples and polycarbonate lenses. Silhouette eyeglasses in the Silhouette Titan Minimal Art Collection were chosen by NASA for their unparalleled comfort, outstanding performance and minimal weight.

Minimal weight, hinge less construction and the marriage of form, function and fashion are the earmarks of the Silhouette sunglasses line. By melding timeless frame style with a variety of lens shapes and breakthrough technology, this collection captures the sleek, dynamic and modern attitudes of today. New fashion colors throughout the collection include Blush, Amethyst, Bordeaux and Teal.

Founded in 1964 by Arnold and Anneliese Schmied in Linz, Austria, Silhouette Optical, a subsidiary of Silhouette International, has long been in the forefront of fashion eyewear. But it was the introduction of Minimal Art in 1992, a rimless titanium frame without hinges, followed by the debut of Titan Minimal art, a screwless, hingeless frame weighing only 1.8 grams debuting in 1999, that changed the course of the company... and the course of rimless eyewear.

Like many major events, the impact of Titan Minimal Art was unplanned and unanticipated. “It was all very simple,” says Arnold Schmied, Silhouette executive director and a son of the founders. “We had done rimless eyewear before, a collection in 1983, and decided we wanted to do another rimless design. The response we received came as a total surprise to us. Never before in our company history had we had so much positive feedback from our reps, our customers and the end consumers as the result of one eyewear design.”


FENDI GLASSES



Fendi glasses, made by Marchon Eyewear, have long set the style for fashion and elegance in the eyewear world. Fendi glasses style originates in Italy, and it is known for its elegance and conservative flair. Currently, Fendi has over 160 boutiques in some 25 countries around the world. Fendi glasses.

Brand names don’t simply signify the work of a designer. Brands carry an aura, connoting a particular lifestyle and status. Chances are, if you own a Fendi bag, you’re going to be wearing Fendi eyeglasses or sunglasses as well, and you are living life in a celebrative way. Fendi’s glasses style originates in Italy, and it is known for its elegance and conservative flair. Currently, Fendi has over 160 boutiques in some 25 countries around the world. Fendi eyeglasses are all examples of the wide range of fashion the brand covers.

Famous Glasses Brands : Part1 Gucci, Armani

GUCCI GLASSES

Gucci glasses are the perfect accompaniment to a Gucci wardrobe. The collection shows a meticulous detail and used extremely high quality materials. Due to a growing demand from men, Gucci eyewear has responded with many styles for men and for both men and women.

The Gucci eyeglasses collection at this point in time is primarily composed of plastic frames, or metal fronts with plastic temples. The use of plastics offers Gucci designers more ability to infuse color and shape into your persona, because plastics are generally thicker and more visible than the design palette offered through metal frames. Frames shapes tend toward the rectanglular – some with hardened corners, some with rounded corners – as this angularity is repeated in other Gucci fashions. Straighter lines and sharper corners provide a more articulated face shape, which adds to feelings of intelligence, importance, and power.

For example, Gucci 3202 glasses are all plastic, made of the highest quality Italian Mazzuchelli zyl. The frame shape is basically rectangular, but with softened corners. The red color is higher in tone than burgundy, but lacks the fiery irresponsibility of a brighter red. Color choices available in plastic allows for this kind of subtlety, a subtlety for which Gucci has become famous.

And then there is the Gucci 2910 glasses frame, which uses plastic temples and a metal frame front. Again, this offers a wide palette for the famous Gucci logo on the side, while providing a more laid back and sophisticated look on the front. The same style is evident in the Gucci 1914 glasses model, the Gucci 1930 eyeglasses frame, and the Gucci 1938 eyeglass frame.

Gucci began his small luggage and leather goods business in Florence, Italy in 1921. The brand grew out of its exceptional creativity, introducing timeless standards such as the “Bamboo Bag”, the trademark green-red-green web, and the legendary double “G” logo.


GIORGIO ARMANI GLASSES



Giorgio Armani Eyewear is the embodiment of elegance into simplicity. For those who know and believe in the brand as an icon of fashion, the Giorgio Armani eyewear line presents a loyal representation of classical looks.

One should not forget that Giorgio Armani, as brand, is characterized by the quality of its products and the uniqueness of its designs. It is produced by the world leader in eyeglass frame manufacturing, Luxottica. Designs such as the GA787 model are true representations of style and elegance. This model has Italian plastic and features a unique rectangular shape in a full rim. The 787 model comes in different colors such as Blue Horn, Havana Crystal, Black Crystal and Red Horn.

The Giorgio Armani 502 eyeglasses model is characterized by it visible Giorgio Armani logo on the temples and by its Italian craftsmanship. In a plastic material, this model presents a full rim in unique colors such as Havana and Gray. Both models present style and fashion in a modest, yet unique way, resembling every aspect of the Giorgio Armani brand.


EMPORIO ARMANI GLASSES



Emporio Armani glasses are synonymous with exceptional textiles, design, and fabrication—a true icon in menswear and now in eyeglasses. The Emporio Armani glasses collections awaken the Emporio Armani man to a wardrobe full of color and innovative fabrics. The feel is casual with a subtle flair of sophistication. The Emporio Armani eyeglasses collection complements this style with characteristic agility and subtlety.

Types of Lens : Part2

What Are Multifocal Eyeglass Lenses?

People who have more than one vision problem often need eyeglasses with multifocal lenses. Multifocal lenses, such as bifocals and trifocals, are eyeglass lenses that contain two or more vision-correcting prescriptions. In years past, you could spot a multifocal lens by the line separating the two sections. But today, multifocal lenses, called progressive lenses, can be made to look seamlessly attractive. No one but you and your doctor will ever know!

Bifocals. Bifocals are the most common type of multifocal lens. The eyeglass lens is split into two sections; the upper part is for distance vision and the lower part for near vision. They are usually prescribed for people over the age of 40 whose focusing ability has declined due to presbyopia. Presbyopia is an age-related change that affects the natural lens in the eye.

Trifocals. Trifocals are simply bifocals with a third section used for people who need help seeing objects that are within an arm's reach. This additional segment is above the bifocal portion of the lens and is used for viewing things in the intermediate zone; for example, looking at a computer screen.

If you have questions about which eyeglass lens is right for you, talk to your eye doctor. He or she can help you choose the lens that best fits your lifestyle and vision needs.

Eyeglass Lens Coatings

There are almost as many eyeglass lens coatings as there are types of lenses. They include:

Anti-reflective coating. If glare becomes a problem, consider an anti-reflective coating applied to new eyeglasses. Anti-reflective coating will reduce reflections, decrease halos around light, and create a nicer cosmetic appearance.

Scratch-resistant coating and ultraviolet coating. Most eyeglass lenses today have built-in scratch resistant coatings and ultraviolet protection.

Tinted lenses. Sometimes a light or dark hint of color on the eyeglass lens can be beneficial to aid in vision. For example, a yellow tint may increase contrast and a gray tint may not alter color perception with sunglasses. A light tint can also hide the signs of aging around the eyes.

Mirror coatings. If you are looking for a purely cosmetic lens that allows the eyes to be hidden from view, then this is the coating for you. Mirror coatings come in a variety of colors such as silver, gold, and blue.

How Should You Care for Your Eyeglasses?

Always store eyeglasses in a clean, dry place away from potential damage.
Clean your eyeglasses with water and a non-lint cloth, as necessary, to keep them spot-free and prevent distorted vision.
See your doctor annually to check your eyeglass prescription.

While eyeglasses can correct some common vision problems, it is important to have routine eye exams to keep the eyes healthy.

Types of Lens : Part1

Eyeglasses today are fashion accessories, as stylish as purses and belts. In fact, you'll find familiar names -- Calvin Klein and Gucci to name just two -- on your choice of frames these days. So don't fret if contact lenses irritate your eyes. Instead, scope out the latest fashion frames to give your face a fresh look.

What Types of Eyeglass Lenses Are Available?

As technology advances so, too, do eyeglass lenses. In the past, eyeglass lenses were made exclusively of glass. Today, most eyeglasses are made of high-tech plastics. These new lenses are lighter, do not break as easily as glass lenses, and can be treated with a filter to shield your eyes from damaging ultraviolet light.

The following modern eyeglass lenses are lighter, thinner, and more scratch-resistant than glass lenses or the older, common plastic lenses.

Polycarbonate lenses. These eyeglass lenses are impact-resistant and are a good choice for people who regularly participate in sporting activities, work in a job environment in which their eyeglasses may be easily scratched or broken, and for children who may easily drop and scratch their eyeglasses. Polycarbonate lenses also provide ultraviolet protection.

Trivex lenses. These lenses are made from a newer plastic with similar characteristics of polycarbonate lenses. It is lightweight, thin, and impact-resistant and may result in better vision correction than the polycarbonate lenses for some people.

High index plastic lenses. Designed for people who require strong prescriptions, these eyeglass lenses are lighter and thinner than the standard, thick "coke bottle" lenses that may otherwise be needed.

Aspheric lenses. These eyeglass lenses are unlike typical lenses, which are spherical in shape. Aspheric lenses are made up of differing degrees of curvature over its surface, which allows the lens to be thinner and flatter than other lenses. This also creates an eyeglass lens with a much larger usable portion than the standard lens.

Photochromic lenses. Made from either glass or plastic, these eyeglasses change from clear to tinted when exposed to sunlight. This eliminates the need for prescription sunglasses. These eyeglass lenses may not darken in a car because the windshield could block the ultraviolet rays from the sun.

Polarized sunglasses. Light reflected from water or a flat surface can cause unwanted glare. Polarized lenses reduce glare and are useful for sports and driving. These lenses may cause the liquid crystal displays on the dashboard of cars to appear invisible.

The type of vision problem that you have determines the shape of the eyeglass lens. For example, a lens that is concave, or curves inward, is used to correct nearsightedness, while a lens that is convex, or curves outward, is used to correct farsightedness. To correct astigmatism, which is caused by distortions in the shape of the cornea, a cylinder shaped lens is frequently used. Simply put, the eyeglass lens is a tool you use to focus light appropriately onto your retina.

Other Glasses: Monocle

A monocle is a type of corrective lens used to correct or enhance the vision in only one eye. It consists of a circular lens, generally with a wire ring around the circumference that can be attached to a string. The other end of the string is then connected to the wearer's clothing to avoid losing the monocle. The antiquarian Philipp von Stosch wore a monocle in Rome in the 1720s, in order to closely examine engravings and antique engraved gems, but the monocle did not become an article of gentlemen's apparel until the nineteenth century. It was introduced by the dandy's quizzing glass of the 1790s, as a sense of high fashion.

Styles of monocle

There are three styles of monocle. The first style consists of a simple loop of metal with a lens which was slotted into the eye orbit. These were the first monocles worn in England and could be found from the 1830s onwards.

The second style, which was developed in the 1890s, was the most elaborate, consisting of a frame with a raised edge-like extension known as thegallery. The gallery was designed to help secure the monocle in place by raising it out of the eye orbit slightly, so that the eyelashes could not jar it. Monocles with galleries were often the most expensive. The very wealthy would have the frames custom-made to fit their own eye sockets. A sub-category of the galleried monocle was the "sprung gallery", where the gallery was replaced by an incomplete circle of flattened, ridged wire supported by three posts. The ends were pulled together, the monocle was placed in the eye orbit, and the ends released, causing the gallery to spring out and keep the monocle in place.

The third style of monocle was frameless. This consisted of a cut piece of glass, with a serrated edge to provide a grip and sometimes a hole drilled into one side for a cord. Often the frameless monocle had no cord and would be worn freely. This style was popular at the beginning of the 20th century as they could be cut to fit any shape eye orbit cheaply, without the cost of a customized frame.

It is a myth that monocles were uncomfortable to wear. If they were customised then they could be worn securely with no effort, though periodic adjustment is a fact of life for monocle wearers to keep the monocle from popping, as can be seen in films featuring Erich von Stroheim. Often only the rich could afford to have them custom-manufactured and the poor had to settle for poorly-fitted monocles that were less comfortable and less secure. The popular perception was (and still is) that a monocle could easily fall off with the wrong facial expression. This is true to an extent, as raising the eyebrow too far will allow the monocle to fall.


The quizzing glass should not be confused with a monocle since it is held to one's eye with a handle, in a similar fashion to a lorgnette, and not by A once-standard comedic device exploits this: an upper-class gentleman makes a shocked expression in response to some event, and his monocle falls into his drink, smashes into pieces on the floor, etc. In visual media, the monocle might also be illustrated, or visually captured mid-flight, with some slack to the string as the glass travels downward.

Other Glasses: Sunglasses

Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes. They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened. In the early 20th century they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).

Most people find direct sunlight too bright for comfort during outdoor activities. Healthcare professionals recommend eye protection whenever the sun comes out to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems. Sunglasses have long been associated with celebrities and film actors primarily from a desire to mask their identity. Since the 1940s sunglasses have been popular as a fashion accessory, especially on the beach.

Lens

The color of the lens can vary depending on style, fashion, and purpose, but for general use, red, grey, green, or brown are recommended to avoid or minimize color distortion, which could affect safety when, for instance, driving a car or a school bus.

• Gray and green lenses are considered neutral because they maintain true colors.
• Brown lenses cause some color distortion, but also increase contrast.
• Turquoise lenses are good for medium and high light conditions, because they are good at enhancing contrast, but do not cause significant color distortion.
• Orange and yellow lenses increase both contrast and depth perception. They also increase color distortion. Yellow lenses are used by pilots, boaters, fishers, shooters, and hunters for their contrast enhancement and width perception properties.
• Blue or purple lenses are mainly cosmetic.

With the introduction of office computing, ergonomists may recommend mildly tinted glasses for use by display operators, in order to increase contrast.

Frames

Frames are generally made of plastic, nylon, a metal or a metal alloy. Nylon frames are usually used in sports because they are lightweight and flexible. They are able to bend slightly and return to their original shape instead of breaking when pressure is applied to them. This flex can also help the glasses grip better on the wearer's face. Metal frames are usually more rigid than nylon frames, thus they can be more easily damaged when the wearer participates in sport activities, but this is not to say that they cannot be used for such activities. Because metal frames are more rigid, some models have spring loaded hinges to help them grip the wearer's face better. The end of the resting hook and the bridge over the nose can be textured or have rubber or plastic material to improve hold. The ends of the resting hook are usually curved so that they wrap around the ear; however, some models have straight resting hooks. Oakley, for example, has straight resting hooks on all their glasses, preferring to call them "earstems".

Some sports-optimized sunglasses have interchangeable lens options. Lenses can be easily removed and swapped for a different lens, usually of a different color. The purpose is to allow the wearer to easily change lenses when light conditions or activities change. The reasons are that the cost of a set of lenses is less than the cost of a separate pair of glasses, and carrying extra lenses is less bulky than carrying multiple pairs of glasses. It also allows easy replacement of a set of lenses if they are damaged. The most common type of sunglasses with interchangeable lenses has a single lens or shield that covers both eyes. Styles that use two lenses also exist, but are less common.

LASIK surgery

Some people might not felt comfortable wearing glasses and/or got sick and tired of putting contacts in his/her eyes every day. These people will evetually consider getting LASIK surgery. However, LASIK surgery has both good and bad sides which can affect their decision greatly.

The Good

1. The first reasons for Lasik Eye Surgery is the effectiveness of the surgery to correct eye conditions such as myopia (near-sightedness), hyperopia (far-sightedness) and astigmatism. Eye surgeries are not usually performed unless required as in the past before the time of Lasik Eye Surgery, where the majority of surgeries involve the removal of cataracts.
However, as eye surgeries improve to do more than just removing cataracts, patients are more open towards treatment for aesthetic purposes. They may not like wearing glasses, hence take the step for Lasik Eye Surgery once their glasses prescription stabilized, to make things more comfortable and look better.

2. Even though the name is Lasik Eye Surgery, the surgery is generally painless, and the surgery usually takes between 5 to 10 minutes, unlike other surgeries that may take hours to perform. A fast procedure like that makes it convenient for most people, erasing the fear of discomfort.

3. The technology used is highly computerised, hence the precision and accuracy in result is assured. The precision is required as there thickness of the cornea will be calculated to ensure that the laser ablation will work well to improve the patient’s sight.

4. The success of Lasik Eye Surgery is high, and most patients need only one single treatment for the desired result. However, there may be instances where an enhancement surgery may be required after many years when there are further changes to the cornea.

The Bad

1. Any surgery’s healing period and recovery will depend very much on the individual, and so it is the same also for Lasik Eye Surgery. A patient’s habits and lifestyle will definitely influence the rate of recovery, and also vary the results in each individual.

2. There are side effects to Lasik Eye Surgery, and it may actually worsen the vision of the patient, by causing glare, halos and night vision problems. However, it has to be noted that the side effects varies with individuals. Some may experience just a little bit of side effects, while others may experience them badly.

3. Also, while many people may not like the discomfort of dry eyes while wearing contact lenses, the dry-eyes condition may be worse than wearing contact lens in some individuals. Individuals experiencing dry-eyes will need to have a bottle of eye drops or fake tears around for comfort relief.

4. In some very rare conditions, the wish of a patient to correct vision by Lasik Eye Surgerymay be totally destroyed when the treatment cause vision to become worse. There may be many reasons for such rare circumstances, and the worsened conditions maybe not reversible, and cannot be corrected with regular glasses or contact lenses. In this situation, it can be really stressful as the patient actually will not be able to find an easy treatment for an important organ of the body, the eye.


The good and the bad of Lasik Eye Surgery is not meant to advertise for, or promote the technique, nor does it serve to scare patients with potential blindness. Going almost blind fromLasik Eye Surgery is extremely rare, although most cases just reported the need for a second surgery years later as there are, again, changes to the cornea which may have deteriorated the vision. In any circumstances, there is no reason to fear having Lasik Eye Surgery if both doctor and patient agree that it can bring the desired result. Lasik Eye Surgery is also a surgery not unlike any other, hence there will always be risks during the surgery with the intention of reaching the desired result.

Most importantly, patient should always refer to the doctor and ask questions if there are any doubts in mind. The trust between patient and doctor should be established early on in the relationship so that the patient will be comfortable enough to let the doctor perform surgery on the eyes. In any case at all, patient should always remember that Lasik Eye Surgery needs personalized attention, and what worked for a friend does not necessarily mean that it will work on everybody.

Eyeglasses vs. Contact Lenses

The popular question for people with sight problem is to use glasses or contact lenses

When choosing between contact lenses or eyeglasses there are several things you will want to consider. Lifestyle, time and aesthetics will all play a role in helping you determine which option is best for you. While glasses and contacts are both easy to maintain, affordable and correct astigmatism, below are some questions you may want to ask yourself when making your decision.

What kind of lifestyle do I have?

There’s no doubt that contact lenses are suitable for most people seeking vision correction. They’re often the perfect solution for anyone who spends the bulk of their time at home and in an office, classroom or store. But if your work or recreational activities result in regular encounters with eye irritants such as saltwater, sand, dust or debris, you may want to opt for eyeglasses.

Which is Most Comfortable for Me?

Some people feel that eyeglasses are bulky. Glasses can also become irritating on the bridge of the nose and behind the ears. This feeling of discomfort is more exaggerated if the wearer begins to sweat. If you might feel that glasses won’t provide you with optimal comfort, you may want to look at getting contact lenses.

Contacts also have some comfort issues. Allergy sufferers may discover that contact lenses feel “scratchy.” Contact lenses can also make the eyes feel dry and look red, which may in turn require the frequent use of eye drops. Ask your eye care professional for a sample pair of contacts to take home and test. If you find that contacts are irritating, you may want to go with glasses.

How Much Variety Do I Want?

Unless you have enough money to select several pairs of eyeglass frames, there’s little you can do to modify your look. Contact lenses, however, come in a variety of colors and tints. You can select contact lenses that are clear or simply enhance your natural eye color, or go with bolder shades like violet, emerald green and deep blue. Most vision centers will allow you to sample several shades to see which look is right for you.

How Comfortable Will I Be with Inserting My Contacts?

Let’s face it: some people are downright squeamish about inserting or removing contact lenses from their eyes. Contact lens insertion and removal does take practice, but it’s not for everyone. If you are thinking about getting contact lenses, have your eye care professional show you how to put them in and take them out and then decide if you will be able to accomplish this task on your own at home.

How Complicated Will Maintenance Be?
When it comes to eyeglasses, a dab of eyeglass cleaner and a lint-free wipe are usually all you’ll need to keep eyeglass lenses crystal clear. Contact lenses, however, require careful handling, daily cleaning, special cases, and sterile solutions. Since different types of contact lenses need different methods of cleaning and storage, it’s best to speak with your eye care professional about what cleaning procedures might be involved if you select contact lenses.

You Can Have the Best of Both Worlds

Most people don’t realize that they can have the best of both worlds by selecting contact lenses AND eyeglasses. Although you will need to have an eye exam specifically for glasses and another for contacts, you may want to wear glasses at school or in a more professional setting and then slip into your contact lenses for casual wear and social events. There are plenty of options available to you, so speak with your eye care provider about how to make the best possible eyewear decision.

How to take care of your glasses

Caring for your Glasses

When glasses are dry, avoid touching the lens surface

• Do not to polish the lens
• Do not rub the lens too hard with a dry cloth
• When washing glasses in soapy water, ensure that the water is not too hot. This is particularly important when washing plastic framed glasses as their shape can become deformed with heat.
• A dish soap or wishing up liquid is best and you should avoid hand soaps, as these can leave a residue from added moisturiser in them.
• Never use any products containing ammonia to clean glasses as this can damage the lens.
• Paper including tissues should not be used to clean glasses as the fibres can damage the lens.
• If your glasses have a screw in them to hold the lens, ensure that it is in place securely, before washing glasses.
• Take care not to chip the frame when washing glasses.

Cleaning your Glasses

Glasses should be cleaned with the cloth, which is usually included with the glasses. Fortnightly, you may wish to wash them in warm soapy water, rinse well and dry with a cleaning cloth. This should be done as follows:

1. Rinse the glasses in warm water. Ideally, running water. 
2. Then, using a mild soap, wash them in warm water. A dish-soap or wishing up liquid is best and you should avoid hand soaps, which can leave a residue. You may need to use a clean cloth, preferably cotton. Use circular motions to wipe off the soap as the glasses are rinsed under a running tap of warm water. 
3. The glasses can then be dried gently with a cotton towel/chamois. The frame should also be dried. 
4. If the nose pads need cleaning, try using a soft toothbrush but ensure that you do not scratch the lenses.

Alternatively, you may wish to place the glasses in soapy water and wrap a damp cloth around the front and back of the lens and wipe it using your fingers to push the cloth, from side to side gently. A cotton bud can be used to dry parts that are hard to reach.

After cleaning and drying your glasses, put them back on and inspect them for any stubborn marks or soap.

Frame and personalities

Eyeglasses can reflect personality, as there are thousands of styles that can accommodate any comfort level, size and face shape. Match your personality with eyeglass frames with helpful advice from and optometry office manager in this free video on prescription eyeglasses.

For Men

 

Video Transcript

All right, now I’m going to talk about you picking out frames that match your personality.
We carry over twelve hundred different frames at my location, with that many frames there is plenty to choose from, you’re not limited, you need to find something that you are comfortable with because if you’re not comfortable with your glasses you’re not going to want to wear them.
With all the different selection, we’ve talked about the semi-rimless, we’ve talked about things like a plastic frame such as this one over here and we’ve also talked about the rimless glasses.
What do you want your glasses to be, do you want them to disappear, do you want them, do you want people to notice your glasses, pick something, what do you want your vision and your style to be?
If you’re not comfortable wearing glasses and you don’t, don’t want to feel them, then the totally rimless and drill mount is going to be your best option.
If you just want them to disappear a bit, maybe not be so conspicuous then the semi-rimless is going to be your best option.
But let’s say you want, you want a little pizazz, you want to kind of be, you know bold, pick, you know, pick something again you know, kind of fits to, fits your personality, this frame in particular isn’t too, too flashy but there’s a little accent, you know something that will stick out a little bit, maybe just kind of show a little bit of a flair, so don’t feel you know limited and pigeonholed.
If you’re a more conservative guy you can go with you know the double bar if that’s what you’re comfortable with.
It’s all about going with what you’re comfortable with and picking something that suits you.
Don’t, don’t be pigeonholed by you know what a certain store or vendor might have, there’s lot of different options out there for you and I’m sure you can fit something, pick something that will fit your personality.

For Women



Video Transcript

One of the most important things when choosing out the glasses, if not the most important thing is picking out glasses that fit your personality.

What do you want your glasses to be, how are they going to describe you? You are going to be wearing them; most people are going to be wearing them all the time. 

Do you prefer things that are going to have color and be very bold or do you prefer the inconspicuous drill mount look to the glasses? 

There are lots of different options for you to choose and you need to determine what are your glasses going to do for you. 

So as women you have lots of different choices, lots of different colors, lots of different patterns to choose from. 

We have all these different colors of zyle frames, these plastic frames; we have blue, brown, orange, very thick, you know the thicker style frames. 

We have the less conspicuous but not totally rimless kind of a, I guess what I’m going to again call a more mature look, okay, so these frames are going to be a little bit bigger on you, so you also want to make sure that they are not going to be obtrusive okay.

You want them to fit, you know, your personality, if you like bright red, you should go with the bright red, you know, try the bright red frames, so people are very surprised with how bold colors actually turn out looking on them. 

So pick something that fits you, if you’re, you know ambitious, maybe you know for lack of a better word, maybe a little bit more funky, a little bit more trendy. 

Try something that kind of demonstrates that with your glasses and go with something that’s a little bit more bold. 

If you don’t want them to be noticed, if you want them to be a little less conspicuous try a rimless, you know try, try to go with something a little, a rimless or semi-rimless so that they will kind of blend in a little bit better, so your glasses describe you so make sure that you pick out something that is representative.

About the frame

Frame Material for Glasses

Frames can be made from many different types of metals and plastics. The drawbacks to plastic frames are that they break more easily than metal frames but they are ideal for people who are susceptible to allergies. Plastic frames may also get slightly weaker with sun exposure. Most frames for eye glasses are made of metal. This is because it shapes easily and does not corrode if it has the right kind of plating and becomes rust free. 

Plastic Zylonite Frames
Frames made of zylonite can be relatively cheap to buy and come in vibrant colours. The frames are usually very light in weight but can become less flexible overtime. Some people are allergic to zylonite frames but this is unlikely when high quality zylonite is used. Zylonite frames usually have an additional protective coating that prevents their colour from fading.

Plastic Propionate Frames
This is another lightweight plastic frame, which is hypoallergenic. 

Plastic Nylon Frames
Frames made from nylon are very common and have the benefit of being strong and light in weight. Many sports players choose nylon frames because they are highly resistant to hot and cold temperatures and are very flexible, yet also stiff. A wide variety of shapes can be made with nylon and therefore nylon frames come in many frame shapes. The main drawback to nylon frames is that colour of frames can be limited.

Titanium Frames
These frames have become increasingly popular and they are lightweight, strong and durable. Titanium is naturally grey but eyeglass frames can be coloured. Titanium may be mixed with another metal to create a frame made of an alloy. Nickel or copper may be combined with titanium to reduce the cost of the frame. Titanium also has the added benefit of being allergy free.

Beryllium Frames
These are relatively cheap frames and do not corrode nor tarnish. The frames are lightweight, strong and flexible. Further, beryllium frames can be made from a variety of colours. Beryllium frames are very easy to work with and opticians can easily bend them into the right shape because of their high flexibility. These frames are often favoured. 

Stainless Steel

Stainless steel frames have the benefit of being lightweight, low in toxicity and are quite strong yet do have an element of flexibility. For those who suffer from allergies, they are also hypoallergenic and at the same time, relatively cheap. 

Aluminium Frames

Like many metal frames, these are lightweight and very rarely corrode. These frames have a distinct look and are often used by high-end frame designers. The aluminium may be combined with silicon and iron, which makes the frame both strong and hard, as aluminium is naturally a soft metal.

Ticral Frames

These do not contain any nickel and are therefore hypoallergenic. They are exceptionally lightweight and cheaper than frames made purely of titanium. Ticral frames are also strong and long lasting and can come in a variety of colours. They can be made quite thick and can therefore look quite fashionable like plastic frames.

Flexon Frames

This is another material, which is often used to make frames for eye glasses. It is an alloy based on titanium and has the unique quality of returning to its original shape if it becomes damaged. This makes these frames particularly popular. Even if they are twisted or bent and crushed, they will still regain their shape. Further still, these frames are light in weight, hypoallergenic and do not corrode. An overall, ideal frame material.

Wood Frames

Designer bespoke frames may be made of wood but they are hand carved and expensive. These frames have a unique look and are not commonly worn.

Silver, gold, leather, semi-precious or precious stones can all be added decoratively, to plastic frames and metal frames. They create a fashionable or unique look. Frames may also be gold-plated, in a bespoke frame design.

The history of glasses

About 1,000 years ago, very few people had the need, or ability to read and write. Most of them were monks. As they grew older, reading and writing, in not very well lighted rooms, became very difficult (due to what we now call PRESBYOPIA). At that time, monks were able to make "Reading Stones".

The "Reading Stones" were a section of a spherical clear and polished natural Glass (quartz). Imagine a ping-pong ball made of transparent and polished glass: if you cut the ball in two equal sections, you have two reading stones or actually what we now call, PLANO-CONVEX magnifying lenses.

By trial and error, the monks realized that larger stones, ones with a larger spherical radius, would give less magnification than smaller stones, and the flat part of the stone did not have to be the middle of the sphere.

13th Century

The master-glassmakers of Venice began making spectacles at the end of the 13th century. The glasses were actually two magnifying lenses connected by hinge or pivot mechanism (with an inverted V shape), which could be made from wood, metal, or baleen and in later times copper wire.

These "Plus Lenses" glasses were only for correcting close distance vision (presbyopia and farsightedness). There are paintings of monks using these eyeglasses dating to the middle of the 13th century. Also, there is a church in Zaragoza, Spain that has statues of monks, one having a pair of early eyeglasses (circa 1,490).

15th and 16th Centuries

A significant development in the making of eyeglasses was the introduction of the concave lenses, solving the problem of nearsightedness (distance vision).
As in the previous post, eyeglasses for distance vision have what is called Minus Power Lenses: these lenses move the focal point from the front of the retina onto the retina itself.

17th Century

One of the major problems for the eyeglasses was how to keep them on. One solution was to have some string or ribbons attached to the lenses and loop them over the ears.

18th Century

Finally, the side temples were invented and have stayed with us for centuries! Temples with sliding extension were introduced in Europe.

Benjamin Franklin developed the bifocal eyeglasses. He needed eyeglasses for distance and close vision and he got tired of changing eyeglasses when he changed his vision from distance to close or vice versa. He had the lenses cut in halves, and mounted the distance vision half lens on the upper part and the close vision half lens on the lower part of the eyeglasses frames.

The Lorgnette became very popular with people who could not wear eyeglasses.


19th Century
Cylindrical lenses to correct Astigmatism were introduced.

The monocle (one lens) became very popular in Germany

At the end of the century, pinch-nose (Pince-Nez) eyeglasses were well established because of its convenience.

20th Century

Early in the century, eyeglasses frames began to be designed with fashion in mind.

By the 1945, a number of different Contact Lenses were available: By the 1970's, with greater improvement in the design of contact lenses (soft lenses),a large number of people started to use them.

And finally, eye surgery: Radial Keratotomy for Nearsightedness, and later, eye surgery using Laser and computers became well established for solving Farsightedness, Nearsightedness and Astigmatism (PKR and LASIK).

Some experimental techniques are being explored to correct Presbyopia.

About the lens

The strength of a lens is determined by the lens material and the angle of the curve that is ground into the lens. Lens strength is expressed as diopters (D), which indicates how much the light is bent. The higher the diopter, the stronger the lens. Also, a plus (+) or minus (-) sign before the diopter strength indicates the type of lens.

To make a lens, the first thing you need is a lens blank. Blanks are made in factories and shipped to individual labs to be made into eyeglasses. The raw lens material is poured into molds that form discs about 4 inches in diameter and between 1 and 1 1/2 inches thick. The bottom of the mold forms a spherical curve on the front face. A small segment with a stronger curve may be placed in the mold to form the segment for bifocals or progressive lenses.

How the Lens is Made

In the lab the patient's full prescription gives these exact details:
- The total power (in diopters) the finished lens must have.
- The strength and size of the segment (if needed).
- The power and orientation of any cylinder curves.
Details such as the location of the optical center and any induced prism that may be needed.

The lab technician selects a lens blank that has the correct segment (called an add) and a base curve that is close to the prescribed power. Then to make the power match the prescription exactly, another curve is ground on the back of the lens blank.
In most labs the equipment is designed to grind minus curves, so a strong, plus lens blank is usually selected.
If the base curve is too strong, then a minus curve is ground in the back of the lens, which reduces the total power of the lens.

For example, a very common lens blank is +6.00 diopters. If the prescription calls for a total of +2.00 diopters, a -4.00 diopter curve is ground on the back: (+6.00D) + (-4.00D) = +2.00D. (See the illustration below.) If it is needed, the cylinder curve is also ground at the same time.

If the prescription calls for a minus lens, the +6.00 diopter lens blank can still be used. To create a lens with the strength of -2.00 diopters, a -8.00 diopter curve is ground on the back: (+6.00D) + (-8.00D) = -2.00D.

How glasses work?

One of the most common sights almost anywhere in the world is -- eyeglasses! Since we depend so much on the lenses inside those frames to improve our view of the world, you might wonder just what goes into creating them.

On the back of your eye is a complex layer of cells known as the retina. The retina reacts to light and conveys that information to the brain. The brain, in turn, translates all that activity into an image. Because the eye is a sphere, the surface of the retina is curved.

When you look at something, three things must happen:
- The image must be reduced in size to fit onto the retina.
- The scattered light must come together - that is, it must focus -- at the surface of the retina.
- The image must be curved to match the curve of the retina.

Out of Focus

Most vision problems occur when the eye cannot focus the image onto the retina. Here are a few of the most common problems:

• Myopia (nearsightedness) occurs when a distant object looks blurred because the image comes into focus before it reaches the retina. Myopia can be corrected with a minus lens, which moves the focus farther back.
• Hyperopia (farsightedness) occurs when a close object looks blurred because the image doesn't come into focus before it gets to the retina. Hyperopia, which can also occur as we age, can be corrected with a plus lens. Bifocal lenses, which have a small plus segment, can help a farsighted person read or do close work, such as sewing.
• Astigmatism is caused by a distortion that results in a second focal point. It can be corrected with a cylinder curve.

In addition, lenses can be made to correct for double vision when the eyes do not work together ("crossed eyes"). The lenses do this by moving the image to match the wayward eye.

When light pass through the lens, it is always bent toward the thickest part of the lens. To make a minus lens (above), the thickest part, the base is on the outer edges and the thinnest part, the apex, is in the middle. This spreads the light away from the center of the lens and moves the focal point forward. The stronger the lens, the farther the focal point is from the lens.

To make a plus lens (below), the thickest part of the lens is in the middle and the thinnest part on the outer edges. The light is bent toward the center and the focal point moves back. The stronger the lens, the closer the focal point is to the lens.

Placing the correct type and power of lens in front of the eye will adjust the focal point to compensate for the eye's inability to focus the image on the retina.

And by putting those lens in the frame, the glasses are created.